• Aluminium pouches with a Microwell Plate coated with monoclonal antibody to rat IL-4 (8X12)
• 2 vials rat IL-4 Standard lyophilized,1000 pg/ml upon reconstitution
• 2 vials concentrated Biotin-Conjugate anti-rat IL-4 antibody
• 2 vials Streptavidin-HRP solution,
• 1 bottle Standard /sample Diluent
• 1 bottle Biotin-Conjugate antibody Diluent
• 1 bottle Streptavidin-HRP Diluent
• 1 bottle Wash Buffer Concentrate 20x (PBS with 1% Tween-20)
• 1 vial Substrate Solution
• 1 vial Stop Solution
• 3 pieces Adhesive Films
• package insert

Interleukin 4 (IL-4) is a pleiotropic cytokine produced primarily by activated T lymphocytes, mast cells and basophils (1-3).

The cDNA sequence of rat IL-4 predicts a 147 amino acid (aa) residue precursor protein containing a 24 aa residue signal peptide that is cleaved to generate the 123 aa residue mature protein containing four potential N-linked glycosylation sites and seven cysteine residues (4-6). Mature rat IL-4 shares 60% and 44% amino acid sequence similarity with mouse and human IL-4, respectively (5,6).

IL-4 has multiple immune response-modulating activities on a variety of cell types. It is an important regulator of isotype switching, inducing IgE production in B lymphocytes. It is an important modulator of the differentiation of precursor T helper cells to the Th2 subset that mediates humoral immunity and modulates antibody production. In addition, IL-4 has also been shown to have anti-tumor activity both in vivo and in vitro (1-3).

The biological effects of IL-4 are mediated by specific cell surface receptor complexes. Although IL-4 R does not bind IL-13 directly, it has been shown to complex with the low-affinity IL-13 R to form the functional high-affinity receptor complex for IL-13 (7, 8). In addition to the membrane-bound form of IL-4 R, a naturally occurring soluble form of IL-4 R has been identified in human and mouse biological fluids and in mouse cell culture supernates (9-11). Soluble IL-4 R has been to shown to bind IL-4 with high affinity in solution.

Howard, M. and N. Harada (1994) in Guidebook to Cytokines and Their Receptors, Nicola N.A. ed., Oxford University Press, New York, p. 44.

Banchereau, J. and M.E. Rybak (1994) in The Cytokine Handbook, 2nd ed., A. Thomson ed., Academic Press, New York, p. 99.

Yokota, T. et al. (1990) in Peptide Growth Factors and Their Receptors I, Sporn, M.B. And A.B. Roberts eds., Springer-Verlag, New York, p. 577.

Carr, C. et.al., (1991) Biochemistry 30:1515.

McKnight, A.J. et.al., (1991) Eur. J. Immunol. 21:1187.

Richter, G. et.al., (1990) Cytokine 2:221.

Lin, J-X. et al. (1995) Immunity 2:331.

Zurawski, S.M. et al. (1995) J. Biol. Chem. 270:13869.

Mosley, B. et al. (1989) Cell 59:335.

Fernandez-Botran, R. and E.S. Vitetta (1990) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 87:535.

Fanslow W.C. et al. (1990) Cytokine 2:3028.